Produtos alternativos aplicados na cultura do feijão para controle da antracnose

Abstract

The bean culture (Phaseolus vulgaris) for Brazilians is extremely important, because it is included daily in the diet of most of the population. Several factors negatively affect the productivity of this crop, with emphasis on the incidence and severity of diseases. One of the main ones is anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), which can cause total production damage and depreciation of the final product. The study and development of new strategies for the integrated management of anthracnose can reduce the cost of production and consequently reduce the environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Trichoderma fungi in vitro test (antagonism, production of volatile and non-volatile) for control of C. lindemuthianum, evaluate the efficiency of endophytic fungi, salicylic acid, copper phosphide, acibenzolar -S-methyl and fungicide to control the anthracnose in bean plants in greenhouse and field, besides analyzing the sanitary quality of seeds. There was control of anthracnose in bean plants with the use of alternative products. The endophytic fungi T. viride and T. tomentosum inhibited the mycelial growth of C. lindemuthianum in the three tests performed in vitro. In greenhouse, T. viride, T. tomentosum, salicylic acid, acibenzolar-S-methyl and fungicide were effective, but copper phosphite was not efficient in the control of anthracnose. In the field all the products tested were efficient to reduce the severity of anthracnose. The incidence of anthracnose was reduced in seeds from all tested products when compared to the control.