Estratificação de risco cardiovascular para a promoção à saúde em doadores de sangue do Hemonúcleo de União da Vitória - Paraná

Abstract

Non-communicable chronic diseases represent more than 50% of deaths in Brazil, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), alone, are responsible for more than 30% of all deaths in adults between 30 and 69 years of age. Blood donations with the presence of lipemia are not an unprecedented or unknown fact in blood banks. Studies carried out in Paraná blood banks have shown that approximately 30% of plasmatic blood components are discarded due to lipemia. Through this study, the cardiovascular risk in blood donors was determined, establishing the prevalence of cardiovascular risk (CVR) through the Global Risk Score (ERG) and through the results found, a flow was proposed for the expansion of the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary prevention network through of hemotherapy services. After the random draw of donors, between September and November 2022, a questionnaire was applied to assess health conditions, in addition to laboratory tests to determine the presence of dyslipidemia and diabetes and also to determine CVR in this apparently healthy population. After analysis of the results, the presence of dyslipidemia in donors was established, with 41.48% of donors with triglycerides above 175 mg/dL and in reference to RCV, 57.21% had low risk (RCV <5%), intermediate risk (RCV 5% to 20%) 27.95% and 14.85% had high-risk CVD (RCV >20%) and may experience a cardiovascular event in 10 years, an average that is above the prevalence in the Brazilian population. It is therefore concluded that the early identification of cardiovascular risk in the population is an important prevention and care strategy in order to prevent CVD risk factors, and that blood therapy services can be a great ally in expanding the multidisciplinary network of information and prevention care, in the identification of these donors who are unaware of the presence of cardiovascular risk.