Consciência histórica, pensamento histórico e narrativa histórica na perspectiva das(os) professoras (es) do ensino fundamental e médio em Ponta Gross

Abstract

This research aims to understand what the existing approaches between the teaching practice of public-school teachers in the city of Ponta Grossa/PR (Elementary and High School) and the concepts of historical thought, historical consciousness and historical narrative proposed by Jörn Rüsen. Such concepts were appropriated by the Diretrizes Curriculares da Educação Básica de História do Estado do Paraná (DCEs/H), a document that aims to guide the teaching practice of history teachers from the Paraná Public School System. For this, was prepared an online questionnaire consisting of 19 questions (open and closed), sent via link to the permanent and contracted teachers in the city of Ponta Grossa, between April and July 2019. The questions are topics ranging from the personal and professional profile of the teachers, the objectives of the classes, the meaning of history and the practices of the teachers, to the challenges faced in the teaching of history today. For data analysis, the main theoretical contribution of the work is the Jörn Rüsen theory, who is also the theoretical basis of the DCEs/H and the teachers of the Paraná public system use this document to prepare their Plano de Trabalho Docente (PTD), however, as Goodson (2008) alert, the differences between the prescribed curriculum and practiced curriculum. Several elements were perceived in the speeches of the teachers, as well as in the analysis of the questions, which refer to their practices in the classroom and which bring teachers together with the concepts of historical consciousness, historical thought and historical narrative. However, it is considered that this approximation occurs in different degrees of intensity, since the relationship between past, present and future, which is fundamental for the discussion of such concepts, diverged in degree of importance for teachers (as) in data analysis.