Perspectivas de natureza em faxinais de Prudentópolis no Paraná – subsídios para a criação de um Geoparque

Abstract

This research aims to examine the complex interactions between humans and nature in the faxinais regions of Prudentópolis, Paraná, Brazil. Faxinais are unique territories characterized by their distinctive modes of production and social reproduction, where meanings, practices, and traditions converge, reflecting global sustainability challenges. The study integrates traditional landscape analysis with perspectives on nature and geopaisagem to understand the relationship between society and environment in agroforestry systems that hold environmental and cultural sustainability potential. This investigation focuses on the faxinalense way of life, aiming to value and protect it while promoting sustainable economic development, contributing to the potential establishment of a geopark in Prudentópolis. Employing a comprehensive and reflective approach, the study utilizes literature review, interviews, questionnaires, participant observation, and geographic surveys. The central question is how the lifestyle of faxinal residents influences the interaction between social and natural systems and how this can support the creation of a geopark. The study seeks to integrate the concepts of heritage, natural landscape, and geopaisagem, providing insights for managing protected areas and promoting sustainable tourism, environmental education, and strengthening local identity within the context of a potential geopark. Data analysis revealed significant aspects of the geographical landscape perception and participants' interaction with the environment in the faxinais of Prudentópolis. Despite potential biases, the predominance of male respondents reflects the rural reality. The major presence of young and elderly respondents indicates opinion divergences, enabling a deeper analysis of the global duality of faxinais. Most participants are involved in agricultural activities, influencing their perceptions. Approximately 60% have always lived in the area, showing a lasting connection to the local landscape. The majority's family income averages one minimum wage, with over 70% of Ukrainian descent. All recognize the importance of nature, considering the natural landscape essential in their daily routines. Only 37% are familiar with the term "Geopark," yet over 80% view its creation favorably, considering it beneficial for the region. Additionally, nearly 90% believe that the faxinais have exploitable tourist attractions, indicating potential for geotourism development and environmental education, fundamental elements for a potential geopark.