Análise de políticas educacionais: breves considerações teórico-metodológicas
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Este trabalho apresenta algumas considerações teórico-metodológicas sobre a análise de
políticas educacionais. Busca-se demonstrar que o debate acerca dessas questões, apesar
de relevante e necessário, é ainda escasso no contexto brasileiro. Dessa forma, destaca-
se a importância de se ampliar o diálogo com abordagens e referenciais analíticos que
têm sido empregados em outros países, com a finalidade de aprofundar e expandir as
bases teóricas que têm fundamentado as pesquisas brasileiras desse campo. A partir das
ideias de alguns autores (Bowe et al., 1992; Rhodes e Marsh, 1992; Ball, 1994; 2007;
Taylor, 1997; Fulcher, 1999; Muller, 2000; Muller e Surel, 2002; Olssen et al., 2004;
Lingard e Ozga, 2007), busca-se indicar que a pesquisa de políticas educacionais,
comprometida com uma perspectiva crítica e dialética, demanda uma investigação
abrangente e aprofundada do conjunto de influências que atuam no processo de
formulação de políticas, tais como: influências globais/internacionais, agências
multilaterais, arquiteturas políticas nacionais e locais, indivíduos, grupos, redes
políticas, entre outros. Dentre essas, o texto destaca o papel das redes políticas no
processo de disputa por influências, argumentando que tais redes podem ter objetivos
diferenciados e que a noção de redes políticas pode ser útil para se compreender a
correlação de forças e as disputas que envolvem a definição de políticas e o processo decisório.
This article presents some theoretical and methodological considerations on the analysis of educational policies. It seeks to demonstrate that debate surrounding these issues, despite being necessary and relevant, is still lacking in the Brazilian context. Thus, it highlights the importance of expanding the dialogue with other approaches and analytical frameworks, as applied in other countries, with the aim of strengthening the theoretical underpinnings of Brazilian educational research in this field. Based on the ideas of several authors (Bowe et al., 1992; Rhodes and Marsh, 1992; Ball, 1994, 2007; Taylor, 1997; Fulcher, 1999; Muller, 2000; Muller and Surel, 2002; Olssen et al., 2004; Lingard and Ozga, 2007), it points out that research on education policies, committed to a dialectical and critical perspective, demands a broader investigation of the range of influences that operate in the process of policy making, such as: global/international influences, multilateral agencies, national and local political structures, groups and policy networks, among others. More specifically, the article emphasizes the role of policy networks in the process of competing influences, arguing that such networks can have different aims and that they are useful for understanding the correlation of forces and the competing influences present in the policy-making and decision-making process.
This article presents some theoretical and methodological considerations on the analysis of educational policies. It seeks to demonstrate that debate surrounding these issues, despite being necessary and relevant, is still lacking in the Brazilian context. Thus, it highlights the importance of expanding the dialogue with other approaches and analytical frameworks, as applied in other countries, with the aim of strengthening the theoretical underpinnings of Brazilian educational research in this field. Based on the ideas of several authors (Bowe et al., 1992; Rhodes and Marsh, 1992; Ball, 1994, 2007; Taylor, 1997; Fulcher, 1999; Muller, 2000; Muller and Surel, 2002; Olssen et al., 2004; Lingard and Ozga, 2007), it points out that research on education policies, committed to a dialectical and critical perspective, demands a broader investigation of the range of influences that operate in the process of policy making, such as: global/international influences, multilateral agencies, national and local political structures, groups and policy networks, among others. More specifically, the article emphasizes the role of policy networks in the process of competing influences, arguing that such networks can have different aims and that they are useful for understanding the correlation of forces and the competing influences present in the policy-making and decision-making process.
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MAINARDES, J. Análise de políticas educacionais: breves considerações teórico-metodológicas. Contrapontos, Itajaí, v. 9, n. 1, p. 4-16, jan./abr 2009.