Efetividade e efeitos adversos do clareamento caseiro com peróxido de carbamida 37% versus 10%: ensaio clinico randomizado paralelo cego

Abstract

The aim of this randomized, parallel, single-blind clinical trial was to evaluate bleaching effectiveness, absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation in patients treated with 10% carbamide peroxide (PC 10%) for 4 daily hours and 37% carbamide peroxide (PC 37%) for 30 minutes a day. For this, 80 patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly allocated into two groups: 10% Carbamide Peroxide (n=40) and 37% Carbamide Peroxide (n=40), both in at-home dental bleaching protocol, wearing for 3 weeks. The color measurement was evaluated by Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide 3D Master and Spectrophotometer. It was performed according to the baseline and after each bleaching week, as well as after 30 days of the end of treatment. The absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation was accessed using the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale 0-4) and VAS (Visual Analog Scale 0-10) Scales. The results of absolute risk of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation were evaluated with Fisher exact test. For tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation intensity, the Mann-Whitney test was used for NRS and independent T test was used for VAS (α = 0.05). The results showed that, PC 37% group bleaching faster than PC 10% (1- 3 weeks). However, after 1 month of the end of the treatment, both groups were statistically similar (p > 0.05). Regarding the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation, there were no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). Therefore, the use of 37% carbamide peroxide for 30 minutes /day shown equivalent results to 10% carbamide peroxide for 4 hours / day and may be considered to an alternative to decrease the time of tray use in at-home protocol.