Estudo das propriedades fotodinâmicas dos compostos [Fe(TPPS4)] e [H2(TMPyP)] para potencial aplicação como fármaco em terapia fotodinâmica

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a kind of treatment minimally invasive which depends on two components: photosensitizer and light. It consists of the administration of a drug which after reaching its action site is activated by light, whose wavelength is absorbed and catalyses the production of free radicals oxygen, and singlet oxygen, which trigger the cellular death of the unhealthy tissue, either by necrosis or apoptosis. As this technique appears as very promising in the treatment of bacteria infections and cancers (mainly skin cancer of the non-melanoma), several studies seek new photosensitizers compounds which are efficient and present little collateral effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the photodynamic efficiency of [5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato Iron (III)], chloride, [Fe(TPPS4)]Cl, and 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin p-toluenesulfonate, [H2(TMPyP)], compounds, through spectroscopic and cytotoxic analysis, using LED irradiation system, for later use in photodynamic therapy. The uric acid method was employed in order to determine the photodynamic activity, analyse the spectroscopic behavior regarding alterations in the environment pH, with and without CTAB and interpret photobleaching reactions. Toxicity was evaluated through in vitro experiments with microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Candida albicans) and Artêmia salina. Results presented in this work with [H2(TMPyP)] porphyrin, using LED irradiation, demonstrated that the porphyrin:LED system can be used in PDT, once it presented satisfactory photodynamic activity, and significant inhibition of CFUs (Colony forming units), regarding the micro organisms under study, mainly when the red LED was used. Metalporphyrin [Fe(TPPS4)]Cl presented lower photodynamic activity values in both AU and microorganisms tests under the experimental conditions employed when compared to [H2(TMPyP)].