Trabalho e educação do/a jovem estudante da agricultura familiar

Abstract

The relationship between work and education is the focus of this study. It asks: what relationships are placed on the work and education of young people from family farming at Colégio Agrícola Augusto Ribas? Having the analysis of this relationship between work and education of the young student of family farming of the aforementioned educational institution as the general objective, the specific ones try to present the morphology of the work of family farming in Brazil; to characterize the knowledge registered in postgraduate productions about rural youth in Brazil in the context of the agricultural school and to establish the relationship between work and education of the youth in family farming at Colégio Agrícola Augusto Ribas. This study is based on dialectical historical materialism, which is guided by Marx's (2013) social theory, which is anchored in an ontological approach to man who understands work as a founding category of social being, paying attention to the production of life of the young participants. The fieldwork made it possible to analyze this relationship through questionnaires answered voluntarily. 64 interns students from family farming participated in the research. The morphology of the work of family farming in Brazil was presented, indicating the historical meanings for the work, the reality of the field and the work of the young person who composes it. Likewise, the academic postgraduate studies of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) on the young person in agricultural education and how he/she is portrayed in them were analyzed. The aforementioned educational institution, its origin and structure, as well as the social, economic and educational characteristics of the students mentioned were also characterized. About these, the data showed that they are mostly single; whites; catholics; the male gender; who have parents and grandparents who own their production units; who have always lived or for more than 10 years in the countryside; that half use the family car or motorcycle and the remaining bus; that come from locations in 18 nearby municipalities and only one in Mato Grosso; that their families have an average of 4 to 5 people and that the work is shared by all, with no specific division of tasks; who participate in the management of the administration; that agriculture, tobacco and soybeans were the most indicated sources of family income; that Agronomy is the higher education course of greatest interest; that about half of them left the public school in the countryside, but preferred that they had a Vocational High School there; that lack of health infrastructure, permanent and intense work and the lack of leisure and cultural options weigh in the decision to leave, as well as healthy life and family life weigh to stay; that just over half intend to qualify and return to the countryside to dedicate themselves to rural activities, while the rest are considering moving to other areas; that there was silence and contradiction about income and work. In this sense, what was found was that the relationships that arise are based on the particular circumstances of each family, since, with different socioeconomic levels, more than half of them seek technical training to return and apply in the family unit, while the rest intend to advance in their studies and possibly move on to other areas or professions outside of it. It was also found, according to the most recent data collected mainly by the IBGE, that the conditions of family farmers are increasingly limited, hindering their full development, and therefore impacting the production of life for young people in the countryside.