O enfoque da cidadania no processo de formação do bacharel em Direito no norte do Paraná

Abstract

The formation within the Law graduation in Brazil dates to 1827, with the creation of the first Brazilian legal courses. In 2018, the Ministry of Education (MEC) issued the Resolution number 5, founder of the current National Curriculum Guidelines (NCGs) for the undergraduate course in Law. Almost 200 years after the creation of the first legal courses, the focus of Law graduation has suffered little changes; thus, the object of study of this research asks: what would be the fundamental assumptions for a graduation proposal that contains elements of a more citizen-oriented legal formation? In this sense, it has as general objective to verify if the proposal of the academic curricula of the Law courses, offered in the higher education institutions (HEIs) located in the North of Paraná State that received the seal granted by the Federal Council of the Order of Lawyers of Brazil (OAB), called “OAB Recommends Stamp”, in 2022, include, in the formation of their bachelors, elements aiming the citizenship; and as specific objectives: a) to characterize the guiding concepts for a citizen education; b) analyze the evolution of the NCGs of the undergraduate course in Law; c) examine the pedagogical projects of the courses (PPC) of the Law courses of these institutions; and d) analyze the extracurricular activities developed by the academic community of these courses, based on the teaching, research and extension projects, as well as the institutional programs developed. The research methodology used was exploratory and descriptive, supported by bibliographic and documentary research and content analysis. The delimitation of the research universe considered the courses and institutions that suit the above criteria, with four selected: Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUC/PR) - Londrina campus and Maringá campus, State University of Londrina (UEL), State University of Maringá (UEM) and State University of Northern Paraná (UENP) - Jacarezinho campus. The results found, based on the analyzes, concluded by the presence of "citizen" elements during the graduation period of the Law courses of these nstitutions, which were identified through: a) the generalist and humanist contents in the disciplines of the academic curriculum of the courses; b) the express provision, in the PPC and Institutional Development Plans (IDPs), of objectives driven by a profile of graduates aiming to develop a sense of concern for society; c) and the different points of inflection and contact with the community, through projects and programs that provide services to the populations of the municipalities where the HEIs are present. Although there is no ideal model of a “citizen curriculum”, it is not too much to say that it must necessarily involve the triple action of the university, co-executing teaching, research and extension activities, with a view to local and regional needs, and with constant updates, in order to follow the changes, so that the activities developed allow a better adaptation to the reality, leading to the effective integration of the university in the community in which it is inserted.