Síntese de hidroxiapatita pelo método hidrotermal assistido por micro-ondas

Abstract

The hydroxyapatite (HA), Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. is one of the biomaterials used in the medicine and dentistry areas. Several methods to synthetize hydroxyapatite have been reported in the literature such as: precipitation, sol-gel, hydrothermal and solvothermal among others. An efficient way to accelerate the process, reducing the synthesis time is the use of microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis. In addition, it enables the control of the morphology of the particles obtained, since the morphologies of synthetic apatites are extremely sensitive to the synthesis conditions (temperature, power, reaction time). This work had as objective to realize a comparative study of the crystalline structure and morphological of the HA samples, obtained by the methods hydrothermal and microwave assisted hydrothermal. The purpose is to obtain HA to be use as bone graft. These characterizations were: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy by field effect (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and refinement by Rietveld method. It was verified crystals of different sizes for each synthesis method. The microwave assisted hydrothermal method, in the conditions used in this study, made it possible to obtain HA with spherical shaped agglomerates and nanometric particles. All the samples presented characteristics peaks to the formation of HA in the diffractogram. The results obtained from the FTIR and the Rietveld-MEM analyses suggest that the reaction mechanism occurred in the microwave-hydrothermal synthesis favours the formation of a carbonated hydroxyapatite type AB.