Mulheres na política: os enquadramentos da cobertura alternativa jornalística feminista sobre as eleições de 2022

Abstract

This dissertation aims to understand how the alternative portals Portal Catarinas, Gênero e Número, and Nós, Mulheres da Periferia covered women in politics through the analysis of framing in the articles published during the 2022 electoral campaign period. The goal is to highlight the role of alternative and feminist journalism in promoting women's candidacies and advocating for democracy by integrating women into spaces of representation. The theoretical framework builds upon the debate on the political development of Brazilian feminism, considering its history, organization, and influence in political institutions and the field of journalism. The participation of women in politics is also discussed through feminist contributions that question the public and private spheres, serving as a foundation for understanding the 2022 electoral context, gender political violence, and the results of women's eligibility. Women, in this context, are understood through gender perspectives, including both cisgender and transgender women. As alternative feminist portals are politically positioned and have a strong connection with social movements, the research discusses their relationship with journalistic objectivity, epistemology, and contributions to the field of journalism, establishing the place of Brazilian feminist alternative journalism. The theoretical and methodological debate, based on framing definitions (Porto, 2004; Goffman, 2012), seeks to highlight the relevance of framing in political journalism research and the contributions of the gender perspective. To conduct the framing analysis, all publications during the 2022 electoral campaign's first and second rounds were collected and classified in a table between August 16 and October 30. Publications related to politics and/or elections were then selected, totaling 49 publications. Finally, it was identified that the portals' coverage during the 2022 elections was framed in three categories, named by the research as follows: 1) Women are the future in politics; 2) The flaw is in the political system; 3) Not him: against the candidacy of Jair Messias Bolsonaro.